Which of the following best defines teaching materials?

Teaching materials refer to the tangible resources educators use to facilitate learning and support student engagement. This includes items such as worksheets, textbooks, models, and manipulatives, which are physical objects that students can interact with to enhance their understanding of concepts. These materials are essential in providing concrete examples that complement abstract ideas, helping to solidify knowledge through hands-on experience.

While conceptual frameworks and educational theories provide important guidance in the teaching practice, they do not constitute teaching materials themselves; instead, they inform the creation and use of those materials. Locations for teacher training sessions and digital platforms for online education also play significant roles in the educational process, but they do not fit the definition of teaching materials, which specifically emphasizes the concrete resources that aid direct learning activities.