Which description best fits the process of inductive reasoning?

Inductive reasoning is a method of thinking that begins with specific observations or instances and moves towards broader generalizations and conclusions. This thinking process allows individuals to form hypotheses or theories based on the evidence collected through experiences or specific cases. For example, if a teacher notices that every student who studies consistently achieves high scores on tests, they may induce that studying leads to high performance in general.

This bottom-up approach contrasts with deductive reasoning, which starts with a general principle and moves toward specific conclusions. In inductive reasoning, the conclusions may not always be guaranteed; they are based on likelihood rather than certainty, which is a core aspect of this reasoning method. Hence, the process is correctly characterized as moving from specific to general.