What is the main outcome of the identity vs. role confusion stage in Erikson's psychosocial theory?

In Erikson's psychosocial theory, the outcome of the identity vs. role confusion stage is primarily the formation of a strong self-identity. During this critical stage, typically occurring during adolescence, individuals explore various roles, beliefs, values, and ideas to develop a sense of self. Successfully navigating this stage results in a cohesive identity and a clear understanding of one's personal values and direction in life.

This process is essential because a well-formed identity lays the foundation for future stages, such as developing intimate relationships and achieving a sense of purpose. Individuals who struggle during this stage may experience confusion about their place in society and a lack of direction, which can lead to challenges in future interactions and relationships.

The other choices pertain to different stages or elements of Erikson's theory. For instance, establishing trust relates to the infancy stage, while developing intimacy is associated with young adulthood. Overcoming feelings of guilt connects to the stage of initiative vs. guilt, typically experienced in early childhood. Thus, option B accurately captures the essential outcome of the identity vs. role confusion stage.