What defines operant conditioning?

Operant conditioning is defined as a type of learning in which behavior is influenced by the consequences that follow it. This principle, developed by B.F. Skinner, emphasizes that behaviors are strengthened or weakened based on their outcomes—reinforcements increase the likelihood of a behavior being repeated, while punishments decrease that likelihood.

Understanding this concept is crucial for educators as it provides insights into how to motivate students effectively. By recognizing that positive behaviors can be encouraged through rewards (reinforcements) and undesirable behaviors can be reduced by consequences (punishments), teachers can shape student behavior in a classroom setting.

Other choices, while related to behavior and learning, do not encompass the full definition of operant conditioning. The focus on consequences is what distinctly characterizes this form of learning compared to other behavior theories.