Children are in the Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage at what age range?

The Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt stage is a key developmental milestone described by Erik Erikson. This stage occurs between the ages of 18 months to 3 years. During this period, children begin to develop a sense of personal control over physical skills and a sense of independence. They start to assert their independence by making choices, such as selecting what to wear or what to eat.

As they navigate this stage, the children are learning to balance their newfound abilities with the limitations set by their caregivers. If they are encouraged in their efforts and given the opportunity to make choices, they will emerge from this stage with a sense of autonomy. Conversely, if they are overly criticized or controlled, they may develop feelings of shame and doubt in their abilities. Understanding this stage is crucial for educators and caregivers as it lays the foundation for self-esteem and confidence in young children.

The other age ranges provided do not align with Erikson’s framework for this specific stage, highlighting the importance of recognizing developmental milestones as outlined in psychological theories.